| Sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp. Isolated from Grapes in Korea to Carbendazim and the Mixture of Carbendazim Plus Diethofencarb |
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Soo Kyung Hwang, Hye Ryoung Kim, Joo Hyung Kim, Jong Han Park, Sang Bum Lee, Seung Ryong Cheong, Heung Tae Kim |
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| Abstract |
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Thirty-six isolates of Colletotrichum spp. were obtained from infected grapes in two different locations of Korea; 18 isolates from Cheonahn, where carbendazim (MBC) and the mixture of MBC and diethofencarb (NPC) had been applied to control grape ripe rot, and 18 isolates from Cheongju, where no fungicides had been used. Sequences analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the β-tubulin gene identified 34 of the 36 isolates as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The remaining two isolates from Cheongju were identified as C. acutatum. Of the 18 isolates from Cheonahn, 12 were resistant to both MBC and the mixture (MBC+NPC), and six were sensitive to them. All C. gloeosporioides isolates from Cheongju, but not the two C. acutatum isolates, were sensitive to these fungicides. Sequence analysis of the β- tubulin gene in all isolates revealed that C. gloeosporioides resistant to MBC and MBC+NPC had a tyrosine instead of phenylalanine at the amino acid position 200. The appearance of resistance to MBC and the mixture in C. gloeosporioides correlated with the history of fungicide application in Korea. |
| Key Words:
fungicide resistance, mixture of carbendazim plus diethofencarb, grape ripe rot, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum acutatum |
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